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Food access during disaster

Climate-related disasters such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts often disrupt food supply chains, damage infrastructure, and reduce household purchasing power. This leads to immediate hunger and long-term vulnerability. Food access support through vouchers provides affected households with digital or paper vouchers to purchase food from local markets. These vouchers can be linked to a pre-designed nutritious food basket that ensures essential nutrients while considering local diets and availability. This approach helps maintain food security during shocks and supports recovery by strengthening local food systems.

Feasibility & Local Applicability

Voucher-based assistance is highly feasible in the Caribbean, where mobile phone penetration and digital payment systems are widespread. Curaçao and Aruba have relatively strong retail networks, making voucher redemption practical. St. Martin, with its tourism-driven economy, also has established supply chains that can be leveraged. However, coordination with local vendors and contingency planning for supply disruptions are essential. Regional initiatives like WFP’s shock-responsive social protection programs provide frameworks for implementation. 

Co-benefits

Beyond emergency food access, vouchers preserve dignity by allowing people to choose their food rather than receiving pre-packed aid. They also stimulate local markets and may reduce logistical challenges compared to shipping food aid. By including fresh produce in the voucher system, diets can remain diverse and nutritious, reducing health risks associated with poor-quality emergency diets. Note that in the event of severe climate disasters, food supply chains may be disrupted and direct food aid may still be necessary. 

Equity & Vulnerability Considerations

Voucher programs should prioritize vulnerable households, including those below the poverty line, single-parent families, and people with disabilities. In Curaçao, organizations like Voedselbank already support thousands of households with food packages, highlighting the need for targeted assistance during. Gender-sensitive approaches and community engagement are critical to ensure fair access and avoid exclusion.

Costs

Medium | Costs depend on the scale of the program and the value of vouchers. While initial setup—such as digital platforms and vendor agreements—requires investment, operational costs are generally lower than traditional food aid. Funding can come from government budgets, donor agencies, and climate adaptation funds.

Case-studies & Examples

Literature

Adaptation Options Overview