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Sustainable fishing practices

Sustainable fishing means catching fish in ways that allow populations to replenish and ecosystems to stay healthy. This involves setting catch and size limits, using selective gear to reduce bycatch, and protecting vulnerable species. In the Caribbean, including Curaçao, Aruba, and St. Martin, these practices are vital because climate change is stressing marine ecosystems through warming waters and ocean acidification. By managing fishing pressure and shifting to species less affected by acidification, these islands can maintain food security and protect coral reefs that support tourism and biodiversity.

Well managed Marine Protected Area’s and fisherman cooperatives support the facilitation, implementation and enforcement of sustainable fishing practices. 

Feasibility & Local Applicability

Fishing in these islands is mostly small-scale and artisanal, with some sport fishing linked to tourism. This makes local implementation feasible through community engagement and education. Projects like Curaçao’s sustainable fishery training by Seacology and St. Martin’s marine park management show that local fishers can adopt better practices when supported by regulations and training. Regional cooperation under the Dutch Caribbean Nature Alliance (DCNA) and national and international fishery plans provide a governance framework.

Co-benefits

Healthy fish stocks improve reef resilience, which in turn supports tourism and coastal protection. Sustainable fisheries also strengthen local food security and reduce reliance on imports. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and species protection projects (e.g., sharks and rays in St. Martin) enhance biodiversity and create opportunities for eco-tourism.

Equity & Vulnerability Considerations

Small-scale fishers often lack financial security and face declining catches. Adaptation measures should include outreach, training, and safety nets such as insurance for poor catch seasons. Inclusive governance and community-led projects, help ensure that benefits reach vulnerable groups and maintain cultural ties to fishing.

Costs

Medium | Costs vary by scale. Community training programs, like Curaçao’s five-week course, are relatively low-cost (covering gear, boats, and instructor fees). Larger investments include enforcement of MPAs and monitoring systems. Funding often comes from partnerships with NGOs (WWF, IUCN) and international grants, reducing the burden on local governments.

Case studies & Examples

Literature

Adaptation Options Overview