Multi-purpose water plazas are public spaces designed to collect and temporarily store excess rainwater during heavy storms. They typically feature a sunken area that fills with water during rainfall and slowly drains afterward, reducing flood risk. On dry days, these plazas serve as recreational spaces for sports, markets, or cultural events. This dual function makes them an effective climate adaptation measure, addressing both flooding and water scarcity by enabling stored water to be reused for irrigation or landscaping.
Feasibility & Local Applicability
Water plazas are highly feasible for Caribbean islands because they combine flood management with community benefits in areas where space is limited. In Curaçao and Aruba, where urban areas face flash floods during intense rain and drought during dry seasons, these plazas can store water for later use. St. Martin, with its dense urban layout, can integrate plazas into existing public spaces like parks or squares. Designs can be adapted to local climate, soil conditions, and cultural needs.
Co-benefits
Beyond flood control, water plazas provide cooling effects in urban areas, reducing heat stress. They create attractive public spaces for recreation, sports, and cultural activities, improving quality of life. Stored water can support urban greenery, which enhances biodiversity and reduces urban heat. These plazas also raise awareness about climate resilience by making water management visible and interactive.
Equity & Vulnerability Considerations
Water plazas should be designed as inclusive spaces accessible to all residents, including children, elderly people, and those with disabilities. Locating them in vulnerable neighborhoods can reduce flood risk for communities most affected by extreme weather. Community engagement in design and maintenance ensures that the plazas meet local needs and foster a sense of ownership.
Costs
Medium | Costs vary depending on size, design, and integration with existing infrastructure.
Case studies & Examples
Literature
- Netzel, L., Drewing, E., Netzel, L., & Denecke, M. (2021). Understanding Public Acceptance of a Multifunctional Water Plaza: A Case Study. Water, 13(4), 576.